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Monthly Archives: March 2023

What Happens in the Courtroom…

By Abigail Zylka,
Duncanville High School

The first thing that happens in the courtroom, once everyone gets seated, is the explanation of the rules.

The judge will have different rules depending on who is in charge. They are roughly the same every time, typically about eating and drinking and when you can approach the bench.

The prosecution and the defense will start by making their opening statements. The prosecution will talk about why the defense is guilty, and the defense will talk about how the defendant is not guilty. The prosecution will then bring a witness to the stand to ask questions about the case at hand. Then the defense will also question the witness.

Both defense and prosecution ask questions to help further prove their reasoning on whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty. Once both sides have finished asking questions, the prosecution will call up two more witnesses and cross examine them.

Then the defense will call up three different witnesses to the stand so they can be cross-examined. During the cross-examination, exchanges can get very interesting, listening to both sides object to one another and going back and forth with each other.

Once all of the witnesses have been interviewed, the defense and the prosecution will make their closing statements. The closing statements attempt to persuade the judge to be on their side.

Once the closing statements have been made, the prosecution and defense will have one last time to prove their case by stating their rebuttal to the judge. The rebuttal will be something short based on the opposing team’s closing statement. The judge will then step out of the courtroom to make their final decision on whether the defendant is guilty or not. The advisor in the room will then give feedback to both opposing sides to help them understand what they did well and where they can improve.

Women Taking A Stand for Change At State Youth and Government Conference

Frida Hernandez-Aguila,
Veterans Memorial High School

Many young women at the 2023 YMCA Texas State Youth and Government State Conference are making a stand for change in our world. With the second day of competition taking place at the Texas Capitol in Austin, all eyes are on the leaders of the future. Women around the competition are here to show their ideas to help make the world go round, starting with the government.

In every room, all around, there are young women here to show off their skills and powerful knowledge. There are young women who are here to participate in all of the categories. With this being Women’s History Month, it is important to highlight not only the women who are a part of where we are today but also the women who will be a part of the future. 

During women’s history month, we are reminded of those women who brought us to where we are now. It wasn’t until the 1890s that women were allowed to take part in the workforce. Then in 1917, Representative Jeannette Rankin of Montana became the first woman to serve in Congress. Now there are women all over the world showing that it is possible to be part of what was thought to be a “man’s” job.

Madeleine Albright was the first woman to be Secretary of State, and the highest-ranking woman ever in the United States Government. Kamala Harris became the first woman to serve as Vice President for the United States. Today, Catherine Masey, judge for LASA High School in Austin, embodies the qualities of a powerful young woman. Knowing what she is capable of, Masey takes the role of judge in the courtroom to help guide the lawyers and the jurors.

“I know you have to work twice as hard to be half as good as a man,” she says. “If you act like you know what you’re doing, no one should know otherwise.”  

Though it is still a male dominated field, Masey and many others like her have been able to overcome big and small obstacles. However, it is opportunities like these that allow these women to feel ‘strong’ and show that it is possible to become our leader of the future. 

Underage Drinking: A Nay or A Slay?

By LeeAnn Partin,
Hays High School

When exploring the process of how bills are passed in the State of Texas, the Legislative sector finds themselves meeting once again to question and amend acts presented with the hopes to pass to the full chamber of House and Senate. This sector joins together in Committee B, at the 76th State Conference during the weekend of March 2-5, to focus on Bill #HB103.

Bill #HB103 is explained to be an act to make consumption of alcoholic beverages as a minor with parental consent illegal, written by delegate Theodore Nguyen, of Glenda Dawson High School. Delegate Nguyen presents his bill to the legislative body, aiming for favorable recommendation and for amendments that will improve the bill to its best version. Nguyen’s bill details three provisions: 1) Raising the alcohol tax  from 8.25% to 10%, with the purpose of funding this bill, while simultaneously turning away people from alcohol with the price rise; 2) Allocate $200 million to the National Council for Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (NCADD) to spread awareness; 3) Exclude the consumption of alcohol for religious purposes. Delegate Nguyen’s bill passed with favorable recommendation and is amended once to clarify the definitions listed in his bill.

At the end of this bill’s assessment, delegate Sophie Zhou brought an amendment to the table, focusing on the tiny details of delegate Nguyen’s bill. Bill #HB103 lists definitions to words relevant to the subject matter, specifically: Alcoholic Beverages; Minor; and Consent.

“To protect our children and the future people in our society, I move to specify and clarify the definitions and provisions for this bill,” Zhou said. Delegate Zhou pushed to change the age of full legal responsibility, listed as 18 years old in the bill, to 21 years old as the new age. Delegate Zhou chose to center on these definitions for clarity, eliminating vagueness and assumptions that could be made.

Continuing to the proponent and opponent speeches, delegate Emory Miramontes Eldredge, from Boswell High School, rose as an opponent to Nguyen’s bill and spoke about why  she gaves an unfavorable recommendation. “Most parents would not allow their kids to drink, but they have still had these experiences” Eldredge argued. “I would say that allowing your kid to experience the negative effects of alcohol at a young age and understanding hangover and sickness, allows your kid to understand what’s going on.”

In the designated Question And Answer time slot, delegates brought up important questions to address the policies/actions going to be taken when putting this bill into place.

Delegate Avery Mason, Boswell High School, questioned the jurisdiction of delegate Nguyen’s bill. “Alcohol consumption is a federal issue. This law won’t change anything because this is a federal problem, not a state problem that we can change.” Mason said, questioning Nguyen’s plan of action.

Nguyen explained in response to this that alcohol consumption is under the jurisdiction of both federal and state law, so taking action won’t be an issue. Nguyen described that this bill will focus on public places like restaurants, so staff can implement restrictions of adults consenting to minor consumption.

The legislative body discussed back and forth how delegate Nguyen’s bill will be set into action, either private or public, but concluded with the bill’s planned restrictions for public spaces.

The yea’s are loud in unison for Delegate Nguyen’s bill, not before delegate Grayson Carlson requested a division, initiating a roll call vote to clarify how many delegates are for either side. Delegate Nguyen’s bill went through for favorable recommendation with 8 yea’s and 3 nay’s.

Delegate Eldredge gives her speech against delegate Nguyen’s bill, connecting with the legislative body through her own experiences.

Three Candidates Vie for Governor Role

By Piper Watson,
North Central Texas Academy

This year during the seventy-sixth Youth and Government State Conference we have three extraordinary candidates running for the esteemed title of the one and only Youth Governor. Ryan Lee, Vennela Mallampati, and Ramiro Lopez are the confident and talented delegates that are up to the challenge. They each have different strengths and ideas that make them fit the ideal qualifications that we want our Governor to represent the Youth and Government program with. 

Being involved in this outstanding organization for six years has given Vennela Mallampati the opportunity to participate in numerous sections of Youth and Government that are offered, from chairing and clerking to writing her own bills. She has also won distinguished delegate five times. She is confident in her knowledge of how Youth and Government operates and how to improve it using her unique outlook on the organization. For Vennela, the utmost substantial issue is that the governor advances independently after the election. Her desire is that the totality of participants from each and every delegation can assist her in portraying the Youth and Government program by bringing about a Governor’s advisory board to aid in planning the district and state conferences, food, and to voice any concerns that require setting up invitationals and workshops. Vennela believes “currently the biggest issue is that the governor works alone once they get elected and I wanna change that because I think that it’s incredibly important to get the people’s voices here like the youth in youth in government and so to do that I want to create a governors advisory board where somebody from each delegation. They would elect a representative to help me out if I win next year and give me input on district and state planning, food of course, and especially on what they need help on so we can plan invitationals and workshops.”

Ramiro Lopez has had several leadership experiences outside of this program. He was an advisor for the San Antonio Independent School District superintendent and also interned for United States House Representative Tony Gonzales. He is acquainted with doing hands-on work for the community. Ramiro is promoting increased amounts of hands-on work with all of our delegates from acquiring judges and attorneys for judicial diplomats to obtaining legislators to teach our legislative delegates the paramount and proficient ways to write their bills. Ramiro says that “If elected I would like to get more hands-on work when it comes to our delegates. So when it comes to judicial more judges and attorneys to work hands-on and the same for legislative more legislators to work with them on how to write bills.”

Having partaken in being an ambassador for Youth and Government and also outside of the organization is something that Ryan Lee has extensive familiarity with. He is president of several honor societies and other, smaller clubs. He comes from a smaller county on the outskirts of Houston, so he understands what it is like to be from the smaller delegations. Ryan thinks that “people should vote for me because I do come from a smaller delegation, so I do know what the smaller delegations want and need.” Maintaining and engaging the educational and political aspects of Youth and Government is a vital improvement Ryan would like to accomplish if elected.

All three incredible candidates already have plans on how they will improve our program for the better if they are elected. They all agree on striving to get the smaller delegations to have more voice and to assist them to work more with the larger groups while diversifying their perspectives to be exceptionally prepared for state. Overall these three intelligent and accomplished delegates all have the skills essential to be a successful governor, but only one will be elected to the position. Voting for any of these three brilliant and gifted individuals will reinforce and ensure that our Youth and Government program is properly represented and will flourish in the years to come.

Gubernatorial candidates Vennela Mallampati (L), Ryan Lee (C), and Ramiro Lopez (R).

Emily White Fights for Justice with her Rigid Firearms Bill

By Spandana Palyam,
Liberal Arts and Science Academy

“Fifteen years ago, if someone walked down the street with a gun, we would have been shocked and everyone would have been calling the police. But things are different now,” legislator Emily White claims. On March 3,  Emily White proposed Senate Bill 62 to demand the ban of high-capacity semi-automatic rifles in large public spaces. 

Senate Bill 62 states that carrying a long barrel firearm is strictly prohibited in large city public spaces (except for hunting). If caught, the offender will be charged with a third degree felony. White stated that even though a third-degree felony “is quite harsh,” it is necessary to motivate the public to create a safer environment. “The right to bear arms is a constitutional right that was made for citizens to be able to overthrow unjust governments. Will one person with a weapon in a public space overthrow an unjust government?” White questioned.

While this bill bans long barrel firearms, short barrel ones would still be legal to carry. This bill also does not limit the amount of guns that can be purchased or note that it’s prohibited to own a long barrel gun; only that long barrel guns cannot be carried in public spaces.

Though most legislators were in favor of this proposal, one believed the punishment was too harsh. Fellow legislator Emory Eldredge immediately challenged this assertion by exclaiming that she “wouldn’t feel safe having someone who has strapped a gun at a public place like Walmart.” All around the room, it was agreed that it was better to be safe than sorry.

White believes that this bill is not only necessary for Americans today but also future generations. “This issue personally matters to me, because I think in our culture, we’re really seeing the effects of gun violence on our children and just in our society as a whole.” 

Weapons in public spaces have repeatedly shown danger. Over 44,000 Americans were killed due to gun violence in 2022 and catastrophes like the Uvalde shooting have left Americans questioning their safety. White believes that with stricter policies, safety will increase in the public.

“My goal here is just a first step in initiative. The goal of my bill is to ultimately decrease gun violence and the public usage in Texas of these weapons,” White said..  The committee ended with a majority vote towards recommending the bill for Senate action.

Delegate Emily White monitors debate on Senate Bill 62

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